CHAPTER 10: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

What are Algebraic Expressions?

Algebraic expressions are like secret codes using letters and numbers! Instead of saying "some number," we use letters like x, y, z.

Simple Example:

If your age is unknown, we call it "x"

Your brother is 3 years older: x + 3

Your father is twice your age: 2x

These are algebraic expressions!

Real-Life Examples

Shopping:

If pens cost ₹p each

5 pens cost: 5 × p = 5p

With ₹10 discount: 5p - 10

Cricket Score:

If runs per over = r

20 overs total: 20 × r = 20r

With 5 extras: 20r + 5

Geometry:

Perimeter of rectangle:

If length = l, width = w

Perimeter = 2l + 2w

Parts of Expression

In 3x + 2y - 5:

3x, 2y, -5 are called "terms"

x and y are "variables"

3 and 2 are "coefficients"

-5 is "constant"

Like Terms:

3x + 2x = 5x (same variable)

4y - y = 3y (same variable)

But 3x + 2y cannot be added (different)

What You Will Learn

In this chapter, we will learn:

  • What are variables and constants
  • How to form algebraic expressions
  • How to add algebraic expressions
  • How to subtract algebraic expressions
  • How to find value of expressions
  • How to simplify expressions
  • Using expressions in formulas

Why is it Important?

Algebraic expressions help us:

  • Write formulas in science
  • Solve problems with unknown values
  • Calculate distances and speeds
  • Work with geometric formulas
  • Understand patterns in numbers
  • Solve real-life word problems
  • Prepare for higher mathematics
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For Class 7 Students (NCERT & JKBOSE)